Opinion: Third meeting of 3+3 and reconfiguration of the South Caucasus geopolitics

On 18 October, the 3+3 regional cooperation platform which hypothetically includes Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia “plus” three surrounding powers (Türkiye, Iran, and Russia) convened the third meeting at the ministerial level, though again without the participation of Georgia. Hosted by Türkiye in Istanbul, the meeting took place amidst a sensitive security situation in the wider…

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COP29: Azerbaijan Focusses on Environmental Protection and Global Peace Efforts

With less than one month until the next UN climate conference, COP29, which will be held in Baku from 11 to 22 November, Azerbaijan is finalising the agenda. Hosting such a prestigious international conference for the first time in the region is a great responsibility, and COP29 initiatives demonstrate Azerbaijan’s focus on critical issues to tackle…

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Azerbaijan Applies for BRICS Membership

Executive Summary: Azerbaijan announced its application for BRICS membership on August 20, which has been backed by Russian leaders and emphasizes Azerbaijan’s goal of strengthening ties with China following the China-Azerbaijan joint strategic partnership declaration in July. The increased importance of the South Caucasus region and Azerbaijan’s potential membership in BRICS places it in a…

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Armenia’s new “legal diplomacy”

After the Second Karabakh War concluded in 2020, diplomatic negotiations and the peace process in the South Caucasus resurfaced. Armenia’s “legal diplomacy” has emerged as a key component of its foreign policy strategy, aimed at reinforcing its position in the region and counterbalancing Azerbaijan’s new status. This new approach is grounded in the manipulation of legal documents…

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The Armenia-Azerbaijan Peace was always “within reach” but Armenia rejected it

“Today… peace between Armenia and Azerbaijan is not only possible but within reach,” said Armenia’s Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan optimistically on September 26 at the 79th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA). Armenian officials seek to persuade the international community that “Azerbaijan continues to resist signing a peace agreement… For this vision to become a reality, Azerbaijan…

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Armenia’s Constitutional Court Dismantles One Barrier to Peace with Azerbaijan, While Erecting Others

Introduction In a move that has left many in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and beyond scratching their heads, the Armenian Constitutional Court adopted on September 26 a landmark ruling No. 1749, greenlighting the border delimitation process with Azerbaijan. The text of the ruling (henceforth referred to as Ruling 1749 or simply, the ruling) was published three days…

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Middle Corridor gains momentum while Zangezur Corridor remains stalled

In September, it was announced that China has joined Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, and Georgia as a partner in the Middle Corridor Initiative, with the China Railway Container Transport Corporation (CRTC) participating in the project. The decision followed extended talks over several months and was confirmed during the 8th International Silk Road Expo, held in Xi’an from…

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