The Black Sea fault line: how sanctions and fragmentation are rewriting the region’s energy order?
As Western sanctions on Russia intensify, targeting not only the country’s financial apparatus but also major companies and energy champions such as LukOil, Rosneft, and Gazprom Neft, the Black Sea has become the most dynamic fault line in Europe’s reconfigured energy landscape. The accelerated withdrawal of these Russian companies from the region is not simply…
