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On 17 September, the COP29 Presidency announced the COP29 Presidency Initiatives as part of its “Action Agenda” to accelerate progress on climate action and supplement the formal negotiated COP agenda. The Action Agenda represents an ambitious effort by the COP29 Presidency to drive action across all climate pillars and covers a range of key priorities, such as…
Extraordinary foreign policy ambitions are difficult for small states to achieve, especially when they challenge more powerful neighbors. States with strong determination to pursue these ambitions often seek the support of larger powers, through various means, including military and political alliances. Armenia, the South Caucasian republic with less than three million population and a size…
Background of Section 907 On August 6, 1992, U.S. Congress passed the Freedom Support Act to accelerate transition to democratic governance and free market economy in Russia and other newly independent states following the collapse of the Soviet Union. Later on, humanitarian, security, and counter-terrorism dimensions were also incorporated into the document. A few months…
In the modern era, environmental protection is considered one of the most critical aspects of both national and international security due to its relevance and significance. The transnational nature of many ecological issues has led countries worldwide to perceive these problems as global threats, fostering international cooperation to ensure environmental security. Over the past 50…
It is evident that Azerbaijan is regularly targeted by Western political circles fueled by Armenian and pro-Armenian groups. One of the most prevalent issues raised to create anti-Azerbaijani sentiments and spoil its image is the November 2022 gas deal between Russia and Azerbaijan on purchasing 1 billion cubic meters (bcm) of Russian gas. Azerbaijan was extensively criticised…
Integration has long been viewed as the most promising path to establishing peace and stability in the South Caucasus. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, which resulted in the disintegration of the region and the emergence of three independent states, various initiatives have been undertaken to this end. These initiatives primarily focused on frameworks…
Executive Summary: Russian President Vladimir Putin’s visit to Azerbaijan reinforced Russia’s ongoing efforts to maintain influence in the South Caucasus, where increased cooperation on food security, labor, and oil production were announced. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov’s comments on the Zangezur Corridor ignited tensions with both Armenia and Iran, as the corridor threatens to alter…
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Ukrainian company Naftogaz is negotiating with the State Oil Company of Azerbaijan (SOCAR) on the possible transit of Azerbaijani gas through Ukraine [to Europe] and its storage in this country, Naftogaz CEO Oleksiy Chernyshov said in an interview with a Ukrainian publication, Report informs. He stated that Kyiv does not intend to extend the current…
Executive Summary: Armenia is making moves to distance itself from Russia and reduce economic and military dependence on Moscow through deals with other states, including France, India, and, allegedly, Iran. The expanding military supplies to Armenia are stirring up tensions with neighboring Azerbaijan and threatening the current fragile state of relations between the two countries….
