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Extraordinary foreign policy ambitions are difficult for small states to achieve, especially when they challenge more powerful neighbors. States with strong determination to pursue these ambitions often seek the support of larger powers, through various means, including military and political alliances. Armenia, the South Caucasian republic with less than three million population and a size…
In the modern era, environmental protection is considered one of the most critical aspects of both national and international security due to its relevance and significance. The transnational nature of many ecological issues has led countries worldwide to perceive these problems as global threats, fostering international cooperation to ensure environmental security. Over the past 50…
It is evident that Azerbaijan is regularly targeted by Western political circles fueled by Armenian and pro-Armenian groups. One of the most prevalent issues raised to create anti-Azerbaijani sentiments and spoil its image is the November 2022 gas deal between Russia and Azerbaijan on purchasing 1 billion cubic meters (bcm) of Russian gas. Azerbaijan was extensively criticised…
Integration has long been viewed as the most promising path to establishing peace and stability in the South Caucasus. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, which resulted in the disintegration of the region and the emergence of three independent states, various initiatives have been undertaken to this end. These initiatives primarily focused on frameworks…
Executive Summary: Russian President Vladimir Putin’s visit to Azerbaijan reinforced Russia’s ongoing efforts to maintain influence in the South Caucasus, where increased cooperation on food security, labor, and oil production were announced. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov’s comments on the Zangezur Corridor ignited tensions with both Armenia and Iran, as the corridor threatens to alter…
Executive Summary: Armenia is making moves to distance itself from Russia and reduce economic and military dependence on Moscow through deals with other states, including France, India, and, allegedly, Iran. The expanding military supplies to Armenia are stirring up tensions with neighboring Azerbaijan and threatening the current fragile state of relations between the two countries….
Navigating complex international affairs requires expertise attuned to global trends and local politics. We read newspapers, academic articles, research memos, and, increasingly, social media posts to learn about the possible trajectories of events. Across the globe, however, we find that many of these predictions are wrong, including those from top universities that each year produce…
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit in Astana on July 4 marked a central moment for regional cooperation and economic integration. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit in Astana on July 4 marked a central moment for regional cooperation and economic integration. The participants of the “SCO Plus” summit held under the slogan “Strengthening Multilateral…
Azerbaijan and Central Asia are joining forces to explore new strategic opportunities and tackle regional challenges Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev attended the sixth consultative meeting of the Central Asian leaders held in Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan, on Aug. 9, 2024, for the second time as an honorary guest. The consultative meetings of the Central…
