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The dynamics between Armenia and Azerbaijan since the end of the Second Karabakh War have been defined by a gradual, fragile transition from active conflict to an uneasy peace-building phase. The collapse of the separatist entity in 2023 and subsequent diplomatic engagement, supported by actors such as the United States and the European Union, created…
The sharp escalation of the Iran-related crisis in the Strait of Hormuz has once again exposed the fragility of global energy supply chains dependent on maritime chokepoints. Nowhere is this vulnerability more visible than in the Strait of Hormuz, through which a substantial share of the world’s oil and liquefied natural gas flows. As the…
Executive Summary: Azerbaijan lodged diplomatic protests against Russia over President Vladimir Putin’s comments on Karabakh during his April 1 meeting with Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, which Baku regarded as an attempt to reopen an issue it deems resolved. Despite accumulated grievances over the past year and a half, including the December 2024 targeting of…
Executive Summary The outbreak of the conflict in Iran in March 2026 transformed Azerbaijan’s southern border into an active crisis-management zone, requiring coordination on border control, security measures, and humanitarian logistics. Baku’s response has combined operational measures and controlled diplomacy, including evacuation of citizens, facilitation of third-country transit through Azerbaijani territory, humanitarian aid deliveries via…
April 4 was International Mine Awareness Day. For much of the world, it is just another regular day, or at best a moment of reflection, a calendar entry, perhaps a social media post. For Azerbaijan, it is something else entirely: a mirror held up to a reality that does not pause, does not yield, and…
Whether in politics, the economy or energy security, relations between Azerbaijan and the EU have been developing dynamically, writes Dr. Matin Mammadli in an opinion piece for Euronews. Increased investment, technology transfer and visa facilitation would further strengthen these ties. Relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the European Union (EU) have entered a phase of dynamic…
Executive Summary: The State Oil Company of the Azerbaijan Republic (SOCAR) and South Korean engineering firm Samsung E&A signed a Memorandum of Understanding on February 25 to improve the efficiency of energy assets, localize production, develop a regional industrial hub, foster human capital development, and advance decarbonization cooperation. South Korea–Azerbaijan meetings in November 2021 and…
Executive Summary: Railway officials from Azerbaijan, Georgia, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan met in Ashgabat on February 10 to strengthen operational coordination in developing the Middle Corridor, signing a protocol that prioritizes digital transformation, data exchange, and bottleneck diagnostics. Uzbekistan’s deepening integration, combined with the construction of the China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan railway, will cut Asia-Europe transit distances significantly, materially…
The South Caucasus region has been one of the important issues on the international security agenda over the past decades. The conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan, which lasted for many years and ended with Azerbaijan liberating its territories from occupation in 2020, has created new realities in the region. In the post-war period, a peace…
The South Caucasus is once again confronting a rapidly deteriorating security environment as major geopolitical rivalries unfold on its borders. To the north, the war between Russia and Ukraine continues, while to the south, the confrontation between Iran and the United States/Israel has escalated through missile strikes, drone warfare, and retaliatory operations. Wedged geographically between…
